Preheat the oven to 375 degrees.
In a bowl, toss the apples with the lemon juice, and set aside.
In a mixing bowl, stir together the flour, two tablespoons of the sugar and the salt. Cut ten tablespoons of the butter into half inch pieces, and then using a pastry cutter, cut the butter into the flour mixture. Cut in until the butter and flour are the size of peas.
Then, add the vanilla, and the water, one tablespoon at a time, until the dough begins to stick together when you pinch it.
Press the dough up the sides of the tart pan, and then all over the bottom.
In the empty dough bowl, mix together four tablespoons of the sugar with a tablespoon of flour and a half teaspoon of cinnamon. Cut in two tablespoons of butter, until a sandy mixture is formed. Sprinkle this all over the bottom of the tart.
Shingle the apples all over the top of the tart, overlapping them slightly. Sprinkle with two tablespoons of sugar.
Place the pan on a baking sheet and bake for 40 minutes until the crust is browned.
Cool the tart pan on a wire rack until it's completely cool, about thirty minutes. Remove the sides and serve.